Snake mites are a common parasite that can wreak havoc on our snake companions if left untreated. In this article, we'll explore what snake mites are, how to identify them, the problems they cause, and most importantly, how to prevent and get rid of them.

What Are Snake Mites?

Snake mites, known scientifically as Ophionyssus natricis, are tiny external parasites that feed on snakes. They are arachnids, relatives of spiders and ticks.

These barely visible parasites are usually reddish-brown or black in color, allowing them to easily blend in with snake scales. Snake mites have eight legs and needle-like mouthparts designed to pierce skin and suck blood.

Snake mites can spread rapidly from snake to snake. They pose little threat to humans or other animals, targeting snakes specifically. But heavy infestations can seriously impact snake health.

Recognizing Snake Mites

Detecting snake mites early is key, but their small size makes them easy to miss. Here are some signs that may indicate mites:

• Increased restlessness in the snake
• Frequent soaking in the water dish
• Rough, inflamed, or flaking skin
• Redness around the eyes, mouth, and vent
• Excessive shedding with retained eyecaps
• Loss of appetite and weight loss
• Anemia (pale gums, lethargy, weakness)

Take a close look at the snake's underside, especially around the cloaca. Look for any moving dark spots. You may see small red bumps or scabs where mites have bitten. Scales may appear damaged or lifted. Seek veterinary care if mites are detected.

The Problems Snake Mites Cause

Mites cause more than visible skin irritation. Other issues include:

• Anemia: Heavy mite infestation can lead to blood loss and anemia.

• Secondary infections: Mite bites create openings for bacteria to enter and cause infection.

• Stress: Constant biting stresses the snake, lowering immunity.

• Malnutrition: Appetite loss from mite irritation leads to weight and muscle loss.

• Declining health: Without treatment, mite infestation can worsen snake health or even cause death.

Mites won't just go away on their own. Treatment is needed to resolve the infestation and give the snake relief.

How Do Snake Mites Feed?

Snake mites need blood to survive and reproduce. They use their legs to swiftly travel across the snake's body, seeking a suitable feeding spot.

When they find a patch of thin skin, the mites use their sharp mouthparts to pierce the outer layer and reach the blood vessels underneath. They insert their needle-like mouthparts into the wound to feed.

A single mite can feed on a snake for several hours. Once engorged, it will detach and hide while it digests the blood meal. Then the cycle repeats, until the mite is ready to lay eggs and reproduce.

Treating Snake Mite Infestations

If you discover mites on your snake, take action right away:

Isolate the affected snake to prevent spreading mites to other snakes. Set it up separately with minimal furnishings.

Manually remove mites by gently wiping the snake with a soft damp cloth to dislodge them. Focus on the underside.

Use a veterinary-recommended topical treatment designed specifically for snake mites. Follow all label directions carefully.

Thoroughly clean the habitat to eliminate mites - wash decor, replace substrate. Use a reptile-safe disinfectant spray.

Repeat treatment on schedule until mites are gone. It often takes multiple applications spaced 5-7 days apart.

See the vet if mites persist despite treatment or the snake seems ill. Medication may be prescribed for difficult infestations.

With prompt treatment by a qualified reptile veterinarian, snake mites can be fully eliminated.

Preventing Snake Mites

Prevention is the best medicine when it comes to snake mites. Here are some key tips:

• Quarantine new snakes for at least 30-60 days before introducing them.

• Inspect snakes regularly - look for early signs of mites.

• Maintain proper habitat hygiene - clean enclosure, fresh bedding.

• Use clean supplies - disinfect new hides, decor before adding to habitat.

• Keep stress low - improper humidity, heat and cramped space weaken immunity.

• Apply preventative sprays - products like ReptiMite can help deter mites.

• See the vet annually - wellness checks help catch issues early.

With vigilance and proper care, snake guardians can keep these bothersome parasites from harming their beloved snakes. Protect your scaly friend by staying on guard against snake mites.